Sustainable Urban Development Framework for Low-Rise Residential Communities in UAE
Mhd Amer AlzaimAmerican University of SharjahEdition 7 September 2026
3Modules
9Pillars
66Indicators
229Dimensions
449Parameters
Building on the results presented in Chapter 5, everything evaluated is consolidated here into a single implementation checklist. No new analysis is introduced. Having been operationalised in the survey and examined through the procedures described in Chapters 3 and 4, the evidence is now organised for practical use, answering the final research question of how it can support sustainable low-rise residential communities in the UAE.
The source hierarchy is retained. Infrastructure, Housing and Urban each divide into economic, social and environmental pillars, beneath which sit 66 indicators, 229 professional dimensions and 449 parameters. Every indicator opens with a definition drawn from rating systems such as LEED-ND, BREEAM, Estidama Pearl and Green Star, followed by its lecturer dimension and supporting academic literature, while dimensions list the codes they rely on and any note recorded against them.
Each parameter carries its description, method of measurement, what respondents were asked and the value obtained. This is the 95 percent confidence bound, or the most frequent answer where mode estimation was used. Seven, all from the Urban module, returned no usable data and are marked as not analysed rather than removed. This edition, dated 7 September 2026, reports measurements only, without targets or thresholds, and is best read as a baseline for later technical review, local calibration, planning and design.
All text is taken from the study master file and questionnaire. The original numbering is kept under a 6 prefix, so any entry can be traced to its position in the framework. Full sources appear in Section 6.4.
Maximize economic value and affordability across the project lifecycle by addressing capital, operational, and maintenance costs through efficient infrastructure delivery, life-cycle costing, and value engineering, while ensuring affordability for residents and resilience of the local economy.
Dimensions. Capital investment, cost savings, lifecycle cost analysis
Conduct a Life-Cycle Costing analysis covering capital, operational, and maintenance costs over the project lifespan, including payback periods (X–Y years)
Conduct a Life-Cycle Costing analysis covering capital, operational, and maintenance costs over the project lifespan, including payback periods (X–Y years)
Demonstrate positive local economic multiplier effect (e.g., proportion of expenditure spent locally; range varies) and/or proportion of local jobs created
Promote sustainable local economic development by creating permanent jobs, fostering diverse and mixed-use economies, supporting local procurement, and enhancing economic resilience through developments that align with community needs and long-term prosperity.
Optimize the design, operation, and integration of utility and infrastructure systems to reduce energy and water losses, enhance shared resource use, incorporate renewable and recycled resources, and ensure reliable, low-impact services across the community.
Ensure the long-term economic viability of communities by integrating life-cycle financial planning, securing sustainable funding for community assets, maintaining housing affordability, and reducing living costs through sustainable design measures.
Ensure the long-term durability and hygiene of community assets by incorporating durable design principles and establishing protocols for cleaning and disinfection to maintain occupant health and safety.
Promote physical and mental health and ensure community well-being by providing equitable access to active living opportunities, high-quality indoor and outdoor environments, green and recreational spaces, and essential health services, while fostering safe, comfortable, and inclusive public spaces, supporting walkability, promoting thermal and acoustic comfort, and safeguarding air, water, and light quality.
Foster innovation in community design and integrate advanced digital infrastructure to support emerging technologies, cultural practices, and connectivity.
Adopt innovative strategies or emerging technologies that improve sustainability or cultural responsiveness; credited as bonus points.
Method. Count new design/technology solutions not covered under standard credits (e.g., net-positive energy systems, AI-driven energy management, biophilic design, cultural architecture integration)
Enhancing residents’ quality of life by ensuring access to green and public spaces, walkable and connected communities, proximity to essential community facilities, and the presence of cultural, leisure, and educational opportunities.
Promoting safe and secure communities through crime prevention design strategies, effective lighting, noise management, and monitoring of crime-related statistics.
Design compact, mixed-use, and transit-oriented communities with high street connectivity and reliable public transport access to reduce car dependence and enhance walkability.
Achieve compact/mixed-use/TOD patterns near transit (e.g., LEED-ND credit for Compact/Mixed-Use/TOD; Estidama corridor minimums such as ≥60 du/ha near major nodes)
Method. (# dwelling units within 800 m of major transit ÷ area in ha)
Achieve compact/mixed-use/TOD patterns near transit (e.g., LEED-ND credit for Compact/Mixed-Use/TOD; Estidama corridor minimums such as ≥60 du/ha near major nodes)
Method. (Mixed-use GFA within 800 m ÷ total GFA) ×100
Provide a connected grid that meets local standards (e.g., Average Connectivity Index ≥1.5; ≥75% of intersections meeting spacing criteria; BREEAM requires connectivity though no fixed density).
Provide a connected grid that meets local standards (e.g., Average Connectivity Index ≥1.5; ≥75% of intersections meeting spacing criteria; BREEAM requires connectivity though no fixed density).
Method. (# intersections within 90–150 m spacing ÷ total intersections) ×100
Provide a connected grid that meets local standards (e.g., Average Connectivity Index ≥1.5; ≥75% of intersections meeting spacing criteria; BREEAM requires connectivity though no fixed density).
Ensure residents live within walkable distance to quality transit (e.g., % population within 0.5 km of frequent service; transport assessment per TM-01).
Method. (# residents within 400–500 m walk of transit stop ÷ total population) ×100
Ensure residents live within walkable distance to quality transit (e.g., % population within 0.5 km of frequent service; transport assessment per TM-01).
Promote sustainable management of water, waste, and related infrastructure, emphasizing stormwater control, green infrastructure, efficient resource use, and equitable service delivery.
Evaluate stormwater management practices ensuring no net increase in runoff; incorporate treatment measures such as infiltration systems or oil separators.
Evaluate stormwater management practices ensuring no net increase in runoff; incorporate treatment measures such as infiltration systems or oil separators.
Method. Volume of stormwater treated ÷ total runoff
Promote sustainable energy management at the community scale, emphasizing reduced per-capita consumption, adoption of renewable energy, and mitigation of urban heat effects through design and planning.
Ensure sustainable water management by reducing indoor and outdoor potable use, implementing efficient practices for cooling and decorative features, providing leak detection and metering, managing stormwater, establishing a community water strategy, tracking per-capita use, integrating the whole water cycle, and ensuring safe drinking water access.
Reduce landscape irrigation demand to specified thresholds or percentage reductions (e.g., ≥72–75% reduction; ≤2.0 L/m²/day full credit; with prerequisite limits by land-use type).
Method. Landscape water budget model (EPA WaterSense, Estidama baseline)
Measured value72.75
6.1.3.3.2
Cooling System (Heat Rejection) Makeup Water
Minimize environmental impact by reducing water and energy consumption, maximizing the use of recycled and locally sourced materials, and implementing waste reduction strategies that support a circular economy.
Minimize environmental pollution at the community scale by assessing and controlling air, water, soil, light, and noise impacts, through management of stormwater runoff, construction emissions, and indoor/outdoor pollutants during both construction and operation phases, ensuring compliance with recognized standards to protect ecosystems and human health.
Ensure compliance with national, WHO, and UK standards for community noise by comparing ambient levels (e.g., LAeq) in residential and outdoor areas against target limits, such as maintaining levels below 55 dB outdoors.
Ensure compliance with national, WHO, and UK standards for community noise by comparing ambient levels (e.g., LAeq) in residential and outdoor areas against target limits, such as maintaining levels below 55 dB outdoors.
Measure and mitigate community-scale greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, including energy-related CO₂, transport-related carbon, and refrigerant emissions, with the aim of reducing per-capita contributions to climate change.
Promote sustainable construction and operational waste management at the community scale, including diversion of construction and demolition (C&D) waste, operational recycling, on-site organics treatment, provision of facilities, and performance tracking through standardized metrics.
Household expenditure index (% income spent on essentials)
Consider affordability of daily living and household economy, though not explicitly codified in BREEAM or Estidama; addressed indirectly in planning guidelines.
Method. (Total essential spending ÷ total income) ×100
Accessibility of essential services (distance/cost)
Consider affordability of daily living and household economy, though not explicitly codified in BREEAM or Estidama; addressed indirectly in planning guidelines.
Method. Average walking distance or public transport cost to groceries, schools, healthcare
Affordability of transport (cost as % of household income)
Consider affordability of daily living and household economy, though not explicitly codified in BREEAM or Estidama; addressed indirectly in planning guidelines.
Method. (Annual transport costs ÷ household income) ×100
Ensure the long-term economic viability of communities by integrating life-cycle financial planning, securing sustainable funding for community assets, maintaining housing affordability, and reducing living costs through sustainable design measures.
Evaluate lifecycle planning and cost efficiency of assets, focusing on building maintenance, retrofits, and long-term durability across design and community levels.
Strengthen community economic vitality by achieving high household incomes and strong local economic output, reflecting prosperity and resilience at both household and regional levels.
Provision of affordable, adequate, and diverse housing options that ensure appropriate unit size, affordability, and access to basic amenities while supporting social inclusion and quality of life.
Minimum internal area standards per local or international codes (e.g., LEED acceptable unit size; BREEAM space standards: GIA ≥39 m² for 1 bed/1p, ≥50 m² for 2 bed/2p).
Promote physical and mental health and ensure community well-being by providing access to active living opportunities, high-quality indoor and outdoor environments, green and recreational spaces, and essential health services, while fostering safe, comfortable, and inclusive public spaces, supporting walkability, promoting thermal and acoustic comfort, and safeguarding air, water, and light quality.
Promote inclusive, diverse, and connected communities by providing a mix of housing types and tenures, fostering equitable access to amenities, and creating spaces and opportunities for residents to interact, build trust, and maintain strong social networks.
Foster inclusive, participatory, and culturally respectful community development by engaging residents and stakeholders throughout the planning, design, and post-occupancy phases, ensuring their input shapes the project and preserves cultural heritage.
% of building façades incorporating vernacular design elements
Architectural forms reflect regional character and traditions
Method. Count façades that include recognised vernacular features (e.g. mashrabiya, courtyards, traditional roof forms, local ornamentation) ÷ total façades × 100
Use of local/traditional materials (% by area or cost)
Architectural forms reflect regional character and traditions
Method. Area (m²) or cost (AED) of primary cladding, finishing, ornamentation materials sourced locally or from tradition ÷ total material area or cost ×100
Resident / Stakeholder Perception of Cultural Identity (%)
Architectural forms reflect regional character and traditions
Method. Survey of residents / users asking “To what extent does this development reflect local architectural character / vernacular heritage?” on a Likert scale (e.g. strongly disagree → strongly agree). Compute % of positive responses (agree/strongly agree)
Compliance with Heritage / Cultural Authority Guidelines
Architectural forms reflect regional character and traditions
Method. % of project design elements (façades, massing, materials) subject to review / approval by local heritage / architectural authorities, and compliance confirmed in permits / review letters
Design compact, mixed-use, and transit-oriented communities with high street connectivity and reliable public transport access to reduce car dependence and enhance walkability.
Ensure access to housing that is financially attainable, socially inclusive, and diverse, reducing the housing cost burden on households while promoting community stability and equity.
Provide a mix of housing types, including a defined share of low- and medium-income dwellings, with ≥X% below market rate (Affordability, up to 4 points).
% of units allocated to low-/middle-income households
Provide a mix of housing types, including a defined share of low- and medium-income dwellings, with ≥X% below market rate (Affordability, up to 4 points).
Method. (# units priced for low-/middle-income brackets ÷ total units) × 100
Provide a mix of housing types, including a defined share of low- and medium-income dwellings, with ≥X% below market rate (Affordability, up to 4 points).
Method. Based on % of affordable units and diversity mix delivered
Ensure equitable provision and access to green and public spaces by setting minimum per-capita thresholds, integrating ecological enhancement, recreational and private outdoor spaces, and promoting contact with nature for health and well-being.
Ensure ≥ 90% of units have private balconies sized at least 10% of unit floor area (minimum 2 × 3 m) with adequate shading (95% coverage for 3 hours daily).
Method. (# of units with qualifying balcony/private outdoor space ÷ total units) × 100
Ensure ≥ 90% of units have private balconies sized at least 10% of unit floor area (minimum 2 × 3 m) with adequate shading (95% coverage for 3 hours daily).
Promote fairness and inclusion by ensuring environmental justice, affordability, and equitable access to community benefits, with a focus on vulnerable and lower-income populations.
Promote urban density, site layout, and visual/ergonomic comfort (light and sound), integrating density strategies with healthy indoor environmental quality.
Encourage efficient densities and compact site layouts to reduce energy use and land consumption (e.g., BREEAM Communities promotes high-density strategies; Estidama LC-1/LC-2 cover densities and connectivity).
Method. # dwelling units ÷ net developable hectares
Encourage efficient densities and compact site layouts to reduce energy use and land consumption (e.g., BREEAM Communities promotes high-density strategies; Estidama LC-1/LC-2 cover densities and connectivity).
Encourage efficient densities and compact site layouts to reduce energy use and land consumption (e.g., BREEAM Communities promotes high-density strategies; Estidama LC-1/LC-2 cover densities and connectivity).
Method. # intersections with ≥3 legs ÷ net developable hectares
Provide circadian-aligned and tunable lighting systems indoors (e.g., WELL requires tunable CCT in the range 2700K–6500K; daylight and color quality maintained at 3000–5000K).
Method. Measure EML at eye level for ≥4 hrs/day in occupied spaces
Provide circadian-aligned and tunable lighting systems indoors (e.g., WELL requires tunable CCT in the range 2700K–6500K; daylight and color quality maintained at 3000–5000K).
Method. Installed systems with tunable correlated color temperature (CCT) range
Provide circadian-aligned and tunable lighting systems indoors (e.g., WELL requires tunable CCT in the range 2700K–6500K; daylight and color quality maintained at 3000–5000K).
Method. Spatial daylight autonomy (sDA 300/50%) or DF ≥2% in occupied spaces
Monitor noise levels for ergonomic well-being (ISO 37120 tracks noise as a city indicator; LEED and WELL emphasize indoor sound control qualitatively).
Method. Measure long-term average at project boundary
Monitor noise levels for ergonomic well-being (ISO 37120 tracks noise as a city indicator; LEED and WELL emphasize indoor sound control qualitatively).
Method. Measured background noise level vs. Noise Criterion (NC)
Monitor noise levels for ergonomic well-being (ISO 37120 tracks noise as a city indicator; LEED and WELL emphasize indoor sound control qualitatively).
Promote sustainable management of water, waste, and related infrastructure, emphasizing stormwater control, green infrastructure, efficient resource use, and equitable service delivery.
Promote sustainable energy management at the community scale by reducing per-capita consumption, achieving high building energy performance, integrating renewable energy systems, and mitigating urban heat effects through design and planning to minimize operational energy demand and carbon emissions.
Assess adoption of strategies such as shading, reflective materials, vegetation, and microclimate-responsive design to mitigate urban heat island effects.
Method. (Vegetated + tree-shade + canopy-shade area at noon peak) ÷ total hardscape ×100
Assess adoption of strategies such as shading, reflective materials, vegetation, and microclimate-responsive design to mitigate urban heat island effects.
Method. Modeled shaded time/area on habitable balconies & pedestrian routes
Promote efficient energy performance at the building and community scale through demand reduction, passive cooling, renewable integration, refrigerant management, and performance tracking against international benchmarks.
Ensure sustainable waste management through collection, diversion, recycling, construction/operational waste reduction, and reuse of materials, aligned with public health, environmental, and resource conservation goals.
Ensure high accessibility to public and active transport options while reducing car dependence through integrated transit-oriented design, walkable environments, and supportive mobility amenities.
Ensure healthy ambient and indoor air quality at the community scale by addressing outdoor air quality, building ventilation, pollutant limits in car parks, smoking restrictions, and continuous monitoring of indoor pollutants.
Ensure sustainable water management by reducing indoor and outdoor potable use, implementing efficient practices for cooling and decorative features, providing leak detection and metering, managing stormwater, establishing a community water strategy, tracking per-capita use, integrating the whole water cycle, and ensuring safe drinking water access.
% reduction in indoor potable water use vs. baseline
Achieve reductions in indoor potable water consumption versus baseline (e.g., ≥20% reduction prerequisite; ≥40–60% reductions under Estidama)
Method. Calculate baseline fixture water use per LEED/Estidama methodology (EPAct 1992, FEMP, or local plumbing code baselines); compare to design case
Minimize environmental pollution at the community scale by assessing and controlling air quality, water quality, noise, light, and indoor/outdoor environmental factors, while managing stormwater runoff, construction emissions, and indoor pollutants to protect ecosystems and human health and reduce adverse ecological impacts.
Reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions across community operations by managing city-level GHG intensity, building-level carbon performance, renewable energy integration, refrigerant impacts, and long-term GHG reduction strategies.
Support employment, education, and mixed-income development through planning, skills training, and community resources, ensuring access to jobs and education while addressing unemployment.
Encourage local employment and training through planning frameworks, e.g., BREEAM SE-17 “Training & Skills” credit requiring community engagement and workforce development.
Method. (# local hires ÷ total construction workforce) ×100
Encourage local employment and training through planning frameworks, e.g., BREEAM SE-17 “Training & Skills” credit requiring community engagement and workforce development.
Encourage local employment and training through planning frameworks, e.g., BREEAM SE-17 “Training & Skills” credit requiring community engagement and workforce development.
Method. Track employer or developer contributions to workforce upskilling
Promote housing affordability linked with employment opportunities, supported by LEED ND principles on jobs-housing balance and mixed-income development.
% of housing affordable to low- and middle-income groups
Promote housing affordability linked with employment opportunities, supported by LEED ND principles on jobs-housing balance and mixed-income development.
% of residents living within 0.5 km of employment center
Promote housing affordability linked with employment opportunities, supported by LEED ND principles on jobs-housing balance and mixed-income development.
Method. GIS analysis of residential vs. job centers
Promote sustainable local economic development by creating permanent jobs, fostering diverse and mixed-use economies, supporting local procurement, and enhancing economic resilience through developments that align with community needs and long-term prosperity.
Promote stable employment and economic resilience by targeting low unemployment rates and supporting local workforce development through job creation, training, and apprenticeships.
Ensure the long-term durability and hygiene of community assets by incorporating durable design principles and establishing protocols for cleaning and disinfection to maintain occupant health and safety.
Preserve and enhance cultural heritage and regional identity by integrating local design traditions, protecting heritage assets, and reinforcing cultural continuity at the community scale.
Promote fairness and inclusion by ensuring environmental justice, affordability, and equitable access to community benefits, with a focus on vulnerable and lower-income populations.
% of vulnerable populations within 0.5 km of public green/open space
Provide a narrative or distributional analysis plan that demonstrates equitable distribution of environmental burdens and benefits across all community groups.
Method. (# vulnerable population within 500m ÷ total vulnerable population) ×100
% of population exposed to high environmental burdens (PM₂.₅ > WHO limits, noise > 55 dB, traffic proximity)
Provide a narrative or distributional analysis plan that demonstrates equitable distribution of environmental burdens and benefits across all community groups.
Method. (# exposed residents ÷ total residents) ×100
Community participation in environmental justice planning (% of households engaged)
Provide a narrative or distributional analysis plan that demonstrates equitable distribution of environmental burdens and benefits across all community groups.
Method. (# participating households ÷ total households) ×100
Promote safe, resilient, and inclusive communities by addressing crime prevention through design strategies, effective lighting, noise management, physical security, safe mobility, emergency preparedness, and the monitoring of crime-related statistics.
Evaluate pedestrian and cyclist infrastructure for safety, ensuring minimal dismount distances (e.g., ≤ 10 m) and applying Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design (CPTED) principles such as lighting, surveillance, and visibility.
Method. Max uninterrupted safe pathway length before dismount
Evaluate pedestrian and cyclist infrastructure for safety, ensuring minimal dismount distances (e.g., ≤ 10 m) and applying Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design (CPTED) principles such as lighting, surveillance, and visibility.
Method. Lux meter readings along sidewalks and cycle tracks
Evaluate pedestrian and cyclist infrastructure for safety, ensuring minimal dismount distances (e.g., ≤ 10 m) and applying Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design (CPTED) principles such as lighting, surveillance, and visibility.
Method. % of public realm areas with clear sightlines, natural surveillance
Develop and implement safety and security strategies at the building and community scale, including risk assessments, security plans, and design measures that reduce vulnerability.
Method. # of design strategies applied (access control, barriers, CCTV)
Integrate protocols for emergency response and preparedness (e.g., evacuation planning, community-level resilience strategies) to reduce risks and enhance recovery capacity.
Enhance sustainable mobility by reducing vehicle miles traveled (VMT), improving access to public transport, supporting active transport and recreational facilities, and encouraging mode shift toward low-carbon transport.
Promote education and skills development by integrating local training programs, community facilities, and initiatives that enhance access to lifelong learning and workforce readiness.
Where feasible, provide or enhance community-level education facilities (schools, libraries, training centers) to support long-term knowledge access and social equity.
Where feasible, provide or enhance community-level education facilities (schools, libraries, training centers) to support long-term knowledge access and social equity.
Ensure equitable provision and access to green and public spaces by setting minimum per-capita thresholds, integrating ecological enhancement, recreational and private outdoor spaces, and promoting contact with nature for health and well-being.
% of landscaped area with native/drought-tolerant species
Plant native or drought-tolerant species on ≥ 50% of landscaped areas (1 point) or ≥ 70% with diverse species for enhanced ecological value (2 points).
Method. (Native/adapted species area ÷ total landscaped area) ×100
Plant native or drought-tolerant species on ≥ 50% of landscaped areas (1 point) or ≥ 70% with diverse species for enhanced ecological value (2 points).
Method. Calculate diversity index across planting palette
Plant native or drought-tolerant species on ≥ 50% of landscaped areas (1 point) or ≥ 70% with diverse species for enhanced ecological value (2 points).
Method. % potable water reduction compared to baseline irrigation
Promote inclusive, connected communities and strengthen social cohesion by fostering civic engagement, equitable access to facilities and amenities, diverse housing types and tenures, and programs and spaces that support participation, inclusivity, trust, and strong social networks.
Promote diverse and inclusive communities by encouraging land-use mix, cultural diversity, and access to varied amenities that support social vibrancy and reduce travel needs.
# of distinct land uses within ¼ mile (400 m) of dwellings
Ensure residential areas are within walking distance of diverse land uses; at least 6–10 different uses within ¼ mile of 50% of dwellings earns 1–2 points.
Method. GIS spatial analysis of residential parcels and nearby land uses
Ensure residential areas are within walking distance of diverse land uses; at least 6–10 different uses within ¼ mile of 50% of dwellings earns 1–2 points.
Method. (Dwellings meeting criteria ÷ total dwellings) ×100
Ensure residential areas are within walking distance of diverse land uses; at least 6–10 different uses within ¼ mile of 50% of dwellings earns 1–2 points.
Method. Calculate Shannon Index for land-use balance
% of cultural/social facilities per 1000 residents
Encourage community design that integrates cultural diversity and supports a mix of uses and programs, fostering inclusiveness and variety in daily life.
Method. (# cultural/social facilities ÷ population ×1000)
Representation of different cultural groups in community programs
Encourage community design that integrates cultural diversity and supports a mix of uses and programs, fostering inclusiveness and variety in daily life.
Method. (# cultural groups represented ÷ total programs) ×100
Inclusiveness index (perception of cultural/social inclusivity)
Encourage community design that integrates cultural diversity and supports a mix of uses and programs, fostering inclusiveness and variety in daily life.
Method. % of surveyed residents reporting inclusiveness in community life
Diversity index (social mix by ethnicity/income/age)
Encourage community design that integrates cultural diversity and supports a mix of uses and programs, fostering inclusiveness and variety in daily life.
Promote high-quality, walkable urban design that ensures community connectivity, proximity to amenities, and pedestrian-friendly layouts supporting daily life.
Ensure that a significant share of dwellings (e.g., 90%) are within 800 m of key amenities, such as shops, schools, or community facilities, to support walkability.
Method. GIS network analysis of residential parcels and amenities
% of dwellings within 400 m of neighborhood-scale amenities
Ensure that a significant share of dwellings (e.g., 90%) are within 800 m of key amenities, such as shops, schools, or community facilities, to support walkability.
Method. GIS analysis of smaller-scale facilities (shops, playgrounds, bus stops)
Ensure that a significant share of dwellings (e.g., 90%) are within 800 m of key amenities, such as shops, schools, or community facilities, to support walkability.
Method. Count distinct types of amenities within walking distance (retail, healthcare, education, recreation)
Ensure that a significant share of dwellings (e.g., 90%) are within 800 m of key amenities, such as shops, schools, or community facilities, to support walkability.
Method. % of residents rating local walkability as “good” or “excellent”
Ensure inclusive access to amenities, transport facilities, and interior circulation by promoting barrier-free design, universal access standards, and active mobility infrastructure.
Foster inclusive, participatory, and culturally respectful community development by engaging residents and stakeholders throughout the planning, design, and post-occupancy phases, ensuring their input shapes the project and preserves cultural heritage.
Enhance residents’ well-being, comfort, and quality of life by ensuring equitable access to amenities, services, and essential community facilities, while providing green and public spaces, cultural, leisure, and educational opportunities, and fostering walkable, safe, and connected communities within a healthy living environment.
Promote holistic physical, mental, and social well-being by ensuring clean air, pollutant control, and waterborne disease prevention, with equitable access to active living, green and recreational spaces, quality environments, and health services, while supporting walkability, thermal and acoustic comfort, safe inclusive public spaces, and safeguarding air, water, and light quality in line with wellness frameworks.
Promote sustainable land use practices by prioritizing redevelopment of previously developed or brownfield sites, conserving agricultural land, remediating contamination, and enhancing ecological value with native vegetation.
Plant native or drought-tolerant vegetation covering: - ≥50% of landscaped area with ≥5 species (1 point) - ≥70% of landscaped area with ≥10 species (2 points)
Method. Calculate biodiversity index of planted species
Promote efficient energy performance at the building and community scale through demand reduction, passive cooling, renewable integration, refrigerant management, and performance tracking against international benchmarks.
6.3.3.2.1
Refrigerant Global Warming Potential (GWP)
Evaluate and mitigate greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions at both the community and project scale, focusing on GHG intensity and strategic reduction measures.
Reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions across community operations by managing city-level GHG intensity, building-level carbon performance, renewable energy integration, refrigerant impacts, and long-term GHG reduction strategies.
Reduce operational and embodied greenhouse gas emissions through energy efficiency, renewable energy integration, low-carbon mobility, and carbon offset measures, aiming for long-term net-zero or climate-positive outcomes.
Protect and enhance natural habitats while ensuring equitable access to green spaces, integrating biodiversity conservation into urban design, and promoting daily human–nature interaction.
Ensure high accessibility to public and active transport options while reducing car dependence through integrated transit-oriented design, walkable environments, and supportive mobility amenities.
What percentage of components shall be modular or replacement-ready?
(Modular elements with replaceable parts ÷ total components) ×100
31.68
%
1.3.1.1.1
Infrastructure
Social
What shall be the total length of walking, cycling, and jogging paths per 1,000 residents?
(Total km of walkways, cycle lanes, jogging tracks ÷ community population) ×1,000
3
km/1,000 residents
1.3.1.1.2
Infrastructure
Social
What percentage of homes shall be within 400 meters of walking or cycling paths?
GIS network analysis from housing units to active paths
75
%
1.3.1.1.3
Infrastructure
Social
What percentage of streets shall provide continuous, safe sidewalks?
(# of streets with compliant sidewalks ÷ total streets) ×100
86.25
%
1.3.1.2.1
Infrastructure
Social
Shall ambient air quality levels be within the stated thresholds?
Continuous monitoring of PM₂.₅, PM₁₀, NO₂, O₃, CO
YES
1.3.1.2.2
Infrastructure
Social
Shall the community’s drinking water meet national/WHO quality standards?
Test potable water against WHO/national standards
1
% Compliance
1.3.1.2.3
Infrastructure
Social
What percentage of floor area shall achieve the required daylighting performance?
Daylight Factor (DF) or Spatial Daylight Autonomy (sDA 300/50%)
60
%
1.3.2.1.1
Infrastructure
Social
How many innovative sustainability or cultural design measures shall be adopted?
Count new design/technology solutions not covered under standard credits (e.g., net-positive energy systems, AI-driven energy management, biophilic design, cultural architecture integration)
1.5
innovation
1.3.2.1.2
Infrastructure
Social
Shall performance verification be conducted to confirm measurable outcomes of the adopted innovations?
Measurable outcome must be demonstrated (energy, water, cultural/social benefit)
YES
1.3.2.2.1
Infrastructure
Social
What percentage of households shall have high-speed broadband access?
(# households with high-speed broadband ÷ total households) ×100
97.5
%
1.3.2.2.2
Infrastructure
Social
What percentage of the community area shall have public Wi-Fi access?
(Area with free public Wi-Fi ÷ total community area) ×100
57.5
%
1.3.2.2.3
Infrastructure
Social
What shall be the average broadband speed available in the community?
Average download/upload speed recorded
463.36
Mbps
1.3.3.1.1
Infrastructure
Social
What percentage of dwellings shall be located within 300 meters of a public open space?
GIS mapping of residential units to nearest park/public space
67.5
%
1.3.3.1.2
Infrastructure
Social
What shall be the public open space area per resident?
(Total public open space area ÷ resident population)
9.04
m²/person
1.3.3.1.3
Infrastructure
Social
What percentage of the open space network shall be interconnected?
(Connected open space corridors ÷ total open space) ×100
73.75
%
1.3.3.1.4
Infrastructure
Social
Shall all parks and public spaces comply with universal accessibility standards?
% of parks/public spaces compliant with accessibility standards
0.98
% Compliance
1.3.4.1
Infrastructure
Social
What shall be the average sidewalk illuminance at night?
Night-time light measurement at pedestrian level (1.5 m)
57.11
Lux
1.3.4.2
Infrastructure
Social
What shall be the measured outdoor noise levels in residential or public zones?
Continuous noise monitoring in residential/public zones
27.5
dBA
1.3.4.3.1
Infrastructure
Social
What shall be the ratio of police officers per 100,000 residents?
(# active-duty police ÷ population ×100,000)
219
officers
1.3.4.3.2
Infrastructure
Social
What shall be the homicide rate in the community per 100,000 residents?
(# homicides ÷ population ×100,000)
2
rate per 100,000 residents
1.3.5.1.1
Infrastructure
Social
What shall be the residential density within 800 meters of major transit nodes?
(# dwelling units within 800 m of major transit ÷ area in ha)
70
du/ha
1.3.5.1.2
Infrastructure
Social
What proportion of total GFA within 800 meters of major transit shall be mixed-use?
(Mixed-use GFA within 800 m ÷ total GFA) ×100
39.13
% of GFA
1.3.5.2.1
Infrastructure
Social
What shall be the connectivity index of the community’s street network?
(# links ÷ # nodes)
1.55
1.3.5.2.2
Infrastructure
Social
What percentage of intersections shall meet spacing criteria (90–150 m)?
(# intersections within 90–150 m spacing ÷ total intersections) ×100
75.73
%
1.3.5.2.3
Infrastructure
Social
What shall be the average block length in the development area?
Mean block length in development
135
m
1.3.5.3.1
Infrastructure
Social
What percentage of residents shall live within 400–500 meters of frequent public transit?
(# residents within 400–500 m walk of transit stop ÷ total population) ×100
56.25
%
1.3.5.3.2
Infrastructure
Social
What shall be the average peak-hour transit service headway?
Peak-hour headways (minutes)
11
mins
1.4.1.1.1
Infrastructure
Environmental
Shall post-development runoff equal or fall below pre-development rates?
Hydrologic modeling (e.g., Rational Method, SWMM)
YES
1.4.1.1.2
Infrastructure
Environmental
What percentage of stormwater runoff shall be treated before discharge?
Volume of stormwater treated ÷ total runoff
80
%
1.4.1.2.1
Infrastructure
Environmental
What percentage of total site area shall incorporate green infrastructure?
(GI area ÷ total site area) ×100
22.5
%
1.4.1.2.2
Infrastructure
Environmental
What percentage of total water demand shall be met through decentralized reuse systems?
Volume of greywater/rainwater reused ÷ total demand
25
%
1.4.1.2.3
Infrastructure
Environmental
What percentage of the population shall have access to safe piped water?
(# people with piped safe water ÷ total population) ×100
100
%
1.4.1.2.4
Infrastructure
Environmental
What percentage of wastewater shall be safely treated before discharge?
(Volume treated ÷ total wastewater generated) ×100
91.25
%
1.4.1.3.1
Infrastructure
Environmental
What percentage of municipal solid waste shall be recycled?
(Recycled MSW ÷ total MSW generated) ×100
43.75
%
1.4.1.3.2
Infrastructure
Environmental
What percentage of the population shall have access to regular waste collection services?
(# population served ÷ total population) ×100
98.75
%
1.4.2.1.1
Infrastructure
Environmental
Shall there be a documented community-scale energy strategy addressing efficiency and renewable integration?
Verify documented strategy including energy efficiency goals, renewable targets, and demand reduction measures
YES
1.4.2.1.2
Infrastructure
Environmental
What is the projected percentage improvement in energy performance compared to the ASHRAE 90.1 baseline?
Energy modeling at community scale (baseline = ASHRAE 90.1 or local code)
17.5
%
1.4.2.1.3
Infrastructure
Environmental
What percentage of total community energy demand shall be met through renewable sources?
(Annual renewable energy generated ÷ total community energy demand) ×100
17.5
%
1.4.2.1.4
Infrastructure
Environmental
What percentage of buildings shall be connected to a district energy system?
(# buildings connected ÷ total buildings) ×100
80
%
1.4.2.1.5
Infrastructure
Environmental
Shall monitoring and reporting systems such as smart meters or energy dashboards be implemented?
Verify presence of real-time energy monitoring at building and district levels
YES
1.4.3.1
Infrastructure
Environmental
What is the projected percentage reduction in outdoor/landscape irrigation water demand compared to the baseline?
Landscape water budget model (EPA WaterSense, Estidama baseline)
72.75
%
1.4.3.2
Infrastructure
Environmental
What percentage of cooling system make-up water shall come from recycled sources?
(Recycled water volume ÷ total cooling system makeup) ×100
81.25
%
1.4.3.3.1
Infrastructure
Environmental
Shall the decorative water supply use 100% non-potable or on-site water sources?
(Non-potable supply ÷ total demand) ×100
YES
1.4.3.4
Infrastructure
Environmental
What shall be the pollutant removal efficiency of the stormwater treatment system?
Water quality modeling/testing
92.5
%
1.4.3.5.1
Infrastructure
Environmental
What shall be the average potable water use per person per day?
(Total potable water use ÷ population ÷ 365)
220
L/person/day
1.4.3.6
Infrastructure
Environmental
What percentage of the population shall have access to safe piped drinking water?
(# population with piped safe water ÷ total population) ×100
98.75
%
1.4.4.1
Infrastructure
Environmental
What shall be the per capita potable water use in liters per person per day?
(Total potable water supplied ÷ population ÷ 365)
128.39
L / P / D
1.4.4.2.1
Infrastructure
Environmental
What percentage reduction in energy use compared to the baseline shall be achieved?
Will your project have a documented lifecycle asset management plan?
Verification of asset management documentation
YES
2.2.2.2
Housing
Economic
What will the time horizon of your lifecycle cost coverage be?
Time span of LCC (years)
15
Years
2.2.3.2
Housing
Economic
What will the average payback period for your efficiency retrofit investments be?
(Investment ÷ annual savings)
7.5
Years
2.2.4.1
Housing
Economic
What percentage of materials/components will have a durability of 30 years or more?
(Durable components ÷ total components) ×100
53.30
%
2.2.4.2
Housing
Economic
What portion of your maintenance budget will be allocated to preventative maintenance?
(Preventative maintenance budget ÷ total budget) ×100
75
%
2.3.1.2
Housing
Economic
What will your household income be relative to the national median?
Ratio of median housing cost ÷ median household income
22.5
%
2.4.1.1
Housing
Social
What is the Unit Size Standard for your project for 1-bedroom dwellings?
Compare unit sizes against benchmarks
42.31
m²
2.4.1.1_2
Housing
Social
What is the Unit Size Standard for your project for 2-bedroom dwellings?
Compare unit sizes against benchmarks
57
m²
2.4.2.1
Housing
Social
What is the % of population in affordable housing community?
(Residents in affordable units ÷ total residents) ×100
25.20
%
2.4.2.2
Housing
Social
Regarding % of units below-market rate: to enhance affordability?
(Affordable housing units ÷ total units) ×100
19.7
% of stock
2.4.3.1
Housing
Social
Regarding m² of living space per person: your housing development?
(Total residential GFA ÷ population)
17.5
m²/person
2.4.3.2
Housing
Social
What is the planned crowding index (persons/bedroom) for the project?
(Persons ÷ dwelling unit)
1.88
persons per bedroom
2.4.4.1
Housing
Social
What shall the Housing Diversity Index (for various housing types) for your project be?
Index calculation based on distribution of dwelling types
0.63
2.4.4.2
Housing
Social
Regarding % of developments with ≥3 housing typologies: housing typologies (e.g., apartments, villas, townhouses)?
(Developments with ≥3 typologies ÷ total developments) ×100
42.38
%
2.5.1.1
Housing
Social
What percentage of the regularly occupied floor area achieves spatial Daylight Autonomy (sDA 300/50%), that is, 300 lux for at least 50% of annual occupied hours?
Spatial Daylight Autonomy analysis (% of regularly occupied spaces achieving 300 lux for ≥50% of hours)
60
%
2.5.1.2
Housing
Social
What are the ventilation rates (L/s per person) designed for the building compared to ASHRAE 62.1 or Estidama minimum standards?
Compare with ASHRAE 62.1 / Estidama minimums
8.60
L/s.person
2.5.1.3
Housing
Social
Regarding Low-VOC materials compliance: project that comply with low-VOC emission standards?
% of paints, adhesives, flooring meeting VOC standards
90
%
2.5.2.1
Housing
Social
What shall be the outdoor ambient noise levels (dB LAeq) during daytime and nighttime periods?
Noise monitoring at site boundaries
49.67
dB
2.5.2.3
Housing
Social
Thermal comfort (PMV/PPD index): Predicted Mean Vote (PMV) and Predicted Percentage Dissatisfied (PPD) index?
Predicted Mean Vote/Predicted Percentage Dissatisfied
82.5
% occupant acceptability
2.5.3.1.1
Housing
Social
Regarding Housing Diversity Index (Shannon/Simpson): be, based on the distribution of dwelling typologies in your development?
Diversity index calculation based on dwelling typologies
0.63
2.5.3.2.1
Housing
Social
What percentage of total housing units will be designated as affordable housing?
(Affordable units ÷ total housing units) ×100
21.08
%
2.5.3.2.2
Housing
Social
Regarding % of projects with formal affordable housing strategies: community development plan?
Verification of inclusion in masterplans
0.98
%
2.5.3.2.3
Housing
Social
What percentage of units are provided as social housing for lower-income households?
(Social housing units ÷ total housing units) ×100
10.65
%
2.5.4.1.1
Housing
Social
How many stakeholder or public meetings (e.g., charrettes, or hearings) will be held during the planning and design phases of your project?
Count of formal consultation events (workshops, charrettes, hearings)
3.03
engagement events per major project phase
2.5.4.2.1
Housing
Social
What percentage of residents/stakeholders will be consulted through engagement activities during the design and planning stages?
(# residents engaged ÷ total resident population) ×100
13.75
% of residents
2.5.4.3.1
Housing
Social
What percentage of design changes will be influenced by community feedback from the community engagement process?
(# changes linked to feedback ÷ total design changes) ×100
23.85
% of major design decisions demonstrate influence
2.5.4.4.1.a
Housing
Social
Regarding % of building façades incorporating vernacular design elements: design features (e.g., mashrabiya, courtyards, local ornamentation, traditional roof forms)?
Count façades that include recognised vernacular features (e.g. mashrabiya, courtyards, traditional roof forms, local ornamentation) ÷ total façades × 100
32.10
%
2.5.4.4.1.b
Housing
Social
What percentage of construction materials are sourced locally or derived from traditional regional materials?
Area (m²) or cost (AED) of primary cladding, finishing, ornamentation materials sourced locally or from tradition ÷ total material area or cost ×100
40
%
2.5.5.1
Housing
Social
Resident / Stakeholder Perception of Cultural Identity (%): To what extent will residents or stakeholders agree that the development reflects local architectural character and vernacular heritage? (Measured as % of positive responses: agree/strongly agree)?
Survey of residents / users asking “To what extent does this development reflect local architectural character / vernacular heritage?” on a Likert scale (e.g. strongly disagree → strongly agree). Compute % of positive responses (agree/strongly agree)
63.75
%
2.5.5.2
Housing
Social
Regarding Compliance with Heritage / Cultural Authority Guidelines: by local heritage or cultural authorities in compliance with official guidelines?
% of project design elements (façades, massing, materials) subject to review / approval by local heritage / architectural authorities, and compliance confirmed in permits / review letters
85
%
2.5.5.3.1
Housing
Social
What is the Vehicle Dependency (Contextual ) development area?
# registered private vehicles ÷ population × 1,000
376.47
Per 1,000 residents
2.5.5.3.2.a
Housing
Social
What is the Vehicle Dependency (Contextual ) development area?
# private vehicles ÷ # households
0.85
cars/household
2.5.5.3.2.b
Housing
Social
What percentage of trips will be made by sustainable transport modes such as public transport, walking, or cycling?
Share of trips by car, public transport, walking, cycling
43.33
% car trips
2.5.5.3.2.c
Housing
Social
What is the average daily travel distance per person for residents in the neighbourhood?
Total VKT ÷ total population
15.69
km/day
2.5.5.3.3
Housing
Social
Regarding Transit accessibility index: walking distance of a frequent bus stop or within 800 metres of a rail or metro station?
% of dwellings within 400 m walk of frequent bus or 800 m of rail/metro
75
%
2.5.5.4.1
Housing
Social
Regarding Housing Cost Burden: monthly housing costs (rent or mortgage) relative to median gross monthly household income?
Median monthly housing cost (rent or mortgage) ÷ median gross monthly household income × 100
35.19
%
2.5.5.4.3
Housing
Social
Regarding % of affordable units provided: affordable or social housing?
(# of affordable/social units ÷ total units) × 100
22.5
%
2.5.5.5
Housing
Social
Regarding Housing Diversity & Affordability: distribution of different housing types (e.g., apartments, villas, townhouses)?
1 – Σ(share of each housing type²)
0.63
2.5.5.6.a
Housing
Social
Regarding % of units allocated to low-/middle-income households: middle-income households (below market rate)?
(# units priced for low-/middle-income brackets ÷ total units) × 100
16.12
% of units below market rate
2.5.5.6.b
Housing
Social
Regarding % of units allocated to low-/middle-income households: will your project earn according to the affordability and housing diversity criteria?
Based on % of affordable units and diversity mix delivered
20
% of units below market rate
2.5.6.2.a
Housing
Social
Regarding % of units with private outdoor space: balcony that meets the required minimum dimensions and design standards?
(# of units with qualifying balcony/private outdoor space ÷ total units) × 100
90
%
2.5.6.2.b
Housing
Social
Regarding % of units with private outdoor space: private outdoor space, measured as a ratio of balcony GIA to total unit GIA?
Balcony GIA ÷ unit GIA × 100
9.72
%
2.5.7.2
Housing
Social
Regarding % of affordable housing units delivered: or social housing units delivered for lower-income residents?
(# of affordable/social units ÷ total units) × 100
30
%
2.5.7.2.1.a
Housing
Social
Regarding % of low-/middle-income households accommodated: and have access to affordable housing options?
(# of low-/middle-income households with access to affordable housing ÷ total households) × 100
22.5
%
2.5.7.2.1.b
Housing
Social
Regarding % of low-/middle-income households accommodated: points (0–4) will your project achieve according to the percentage of affordable units provided?
Award points based on % of affordable units and policy measures implemented (e.g., inclusionary zoning, subsidies, rent caps)
19.89
%
2.5.7.3
Housing
Social
Regarding Social inclusion participation rate (%): accessible to low-income or vulnerable population groups within your community?
(# of community facilities and services accessible to low-income groups ÷ total community facilities) × 100
75
%
2.5.9
Housing
Social
Regarding Urban Density & Layout: developable hectare (du/ha)?
# dwelling units ÷ net developable hectares
32.99
du/ha
2.5.10
Housing
Social
What is the Floor Area Ratio (FAR) total site area?
Total GFA ÷ total site area
0.97
FAR
2.5.10.1
Housing
Social
Regarding Intersection density (intersections/ha): higher intersections per net developable hectare?
# intersections with ≥3 legs ÷ net developable hectares
67.5
intersections/ha
2.5.10.2
Housing
Social
Regarding Lighting Quality (Circadian & Ergonomic): spaces, sustained for at least four hours per day?
Measure EML at eye level for ≥4 hrs/day in occupied spaces
What percentage of job seekers will successfully secure employment?
(# residents securing jobs ÷ total job seekers) ×100
67.29
%
3.1.3.2.a
Urban
Economic
Regarding Local Employment & Skills: apprenticeship programs?
(Investment in workforce initiatives ÷ total project value) ×100
2.90
%
3.1.3.2.b
Urban
Economic
What percentage of the total workforce will consist of local residents?
(# local residents employed ÷ total project workforce) ×100
25.65
%
3.1.3.2.c
Urban
Economic
How many apprenticeship positions will be created per 10 workers on the project?
(# apprenticeships ÷ total workforce) ×100
0.98
apprenticeship per 10 workers
3.1.3.2.d
Urban
Economic
How many hours of training will be provided per worker each year?
Total training hours ÷ total workforce
20.98
hours/worker/year
3.1.4.1.a
Urban
Economic
How often will high-touch surfaces (e.g., door handles, switches, railings) be cleaned per day?
(# cleanings/day of high-touch areas such as door handles, switches, railings)
2.07
times/day
3.1.4.1.b
Urban
Economic
What percentage of disinfectants used will meet EPA/WHO safety and efficacy standards?
% of disinfectants meeting EPA/WHO standards for safety & efficacy
100
%
3.1.4.1.c
Urban
Economic
Regarding Cleaning & Disinfection: or easy-clean coatings?
% of high-touch interior surfaces (e.g., counters, flooring, handles) with antimicrobial or easy-clean coatings
72.5
%
3.1.4.1.d
Urban
Economic
What percentage of cleaning staff will be trained in disinfection and provided with PPE?
% of cleaning staff trained in disinfection & provided PPE
100
%
3.1.5.1.a
Urban
Economic
What percentage of buildings incorporate Regional & Cultural design elements?
(Buildings with approved local architectural features ÷ total new buildings) ×100
29.08
%
3.1.5.1.b
Urban
Economic
What percentage of materials are regionally and culturally sourced?
(Cost of local/regional materials ÷ total materials cost) ×100
13.66
%
3.1.5.1.c
Urban
Economic
How many cultural symbols or design elements will be incorporated per hectare in the public realm?
# of cultural symbols, landscape features, or design motifs per hectare
2.83
elements/ha
3.1.5.3.a
Urban
Economic
What percentage of eligible heritage buildings will be adaptively reused?
(# reused heritage buildings ÷ total eligible heritage buildings) ×100
50.53
%
3.1.5.3.b
Urban
Economic
How many cultural events, exhibitions, or festivals will be held annually?
(# cultural events, exhibitions, or festivals per year)
5
events/year
3.1.24.6.1.a
Urban
Economic
What will be the average Direct Route Index in your community?
(Shortest path ÷ straight-line distance)
1.41
3.1.24.6.1.b
Urban
Economic
What will be the typical distance between shaded seating/rest points?
Distance between shaded rest areas (m)
236.44
m
3.2.1.1.a
Urban
Social
What percentage of the vulnerable population has access to quality public open space?
(# vulnerable population within 500m ÷ total vulnerable population) ×100
92.5
%
3.2.1.1.b
Urban
Social
What percentage of the population is exposed to environmental hazards such as air pollution (PM2.5 above WHO limits), excessive noise (>55 dB), or proximity to heavy traffic?
(# exposed residents ÷ total residents) ×100
7.77
%
3.2.1.1.c
Urban
Social
What percentage of households are actively engaged in community activities?
(# participating households ÷ total households) ×100
32.5
%
3.2.2.1.a
Urban
Social
What will be the homicide rate per 100,000 population in your community?
(# homicides ÷ population ×100,000)
2.05
per 100,000
3.2.2.1.b
Urban
Social
What will be the property crime rate per 100,000 population?
(# theft/burglary cases ÷ population ×100,000)
220.17
per 100,000
3.2.2.2.a
Urban
Social
What is the maximum distance from a drop-off point to the building entrance (dismount distance)?
Max uninterrupted safe pathway length before dismount
5
m
3.2.2.2.b
Urban
Social
What is the minimum average maintained illuminance level required for cycle tracks?
Lux meter readings along sidewalks and cycle tracks